Microhabitat use by the white‐clawed crayfish in a Tuscan stream

Habitat modification, pollution, overfishing, poaching, competition from non‐indigenous species, and diseases have led to the extinction in Europe of many populations of indigenous crayfish. Under the rationale that any programme of reintroduction should be preceded by a thorough understanding of habitat requirements of the species of concern, we studied the microhabitat use of an Austropotamobius pallipes population in Tuscany, central Italy. Microhabitat use was assessed for water depth, current velocity, substrate, percentages of boulders, underwater tree roots, and in‐stream vegetation cover. Results show that A. pallipes' habitat use is size‐partitioned. Smaller individuals mostly occupy stream edges in shallow waters with submerged roots, whereas larger individuals use deeper waters, often associated with boulders. Crayfish spatial distribution is restricted mostly to the microhabitats characterised by extensive cover and slow current velocity. The study highlights the importance of habitat heterogeneity and cover elements for the protection of this indigenous species.     

论开口系统稳定流动时热能与机械能的转换关系

开口系统稳定流动时由热能转换而成的机械能是工质的膨胀功，它与进出口推动功的代数和称对技术功，使用技术功的方式取决于热力设备的胜任。     

Study on Soil and Water Conservation Benefit Models of Grassland Ecosystem-A Case Study on Jianou Mountain Grassland Ecosystem

This paper studies the mechanism of grassland ecosystem＇s soil and water conservation function on the basis of two years experiment and inspection in Jianou mountain grassland ecosystem experiment station, Fujian province. After analysis on the data of soil erosion and runoff coefficient, relations between eroded soil. runoff and slope gradient, we establish soil and water conservation benefit models. According to the models, experiment and inspection results, some proposals have been made to decrease the area of soil erosion in Fujian mountainous areas, e. g. , optimizing land use structure in mountainous areas, taking suitable measures for local condition, closing hills for grassland development, accelerating restoration and raising quality of mountain grassland ecosystem, strengthening scientific and technological input, breeding the grass species that are suitable to local physical geographic condition.     

循环流化床锅炉的特点及经济性分析

从循环流化床锅炉的结构及燃烧机理上 ,说明它的五大优点 ,并从与链条炉进行的经济性对比分析中 ,可以看出使用循环流化床锅炉的经济效益非常显著     

水利工程建设项目中的水土流失防治

水利工程建设项目在建设过程中扰动原地表植被和地下岩土层以及产生大量的堆置废弃物,极易造成水土流失,文章介绍了水利工程建设项目水土流失的现状和形成原因,重点叙述了水利工程建设项目区防止水土流失的水土保持规划设计、措施实施、监测以及监理监督等技术体系,为实践中水利工程建设项目水土流失防治提供指导。     

娘子关泉域岩溶水资源保护研究

在研究娘子关泉域水文地质条件及开发利用现状的基础上 ,进一步研究娘子关泉流量变化规律 ,运用灰色系统 GM( 1 ,1 )模型预测其发展趋势 ,为娘子关泉域岩溶水资源的开发利用与保护提供了科学依据 ,并且对娘子关泉域岩溶水资源保护提出了合理化建议.     

ASYMPTOTIC STABILITY OF SOLUTION TO THE INITIAL-BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR SCALAR VISCOUS CONSERVATION LAWS CORRESPONDING TO RAREFACTION WAVES

1.IntroductionWeconsidertheinitial-boundaryvalueproblem(IBVP)forscalarviscousconservationlaw(ut f(u).=uxx,xE(0, co)=R ,t>0,o,(n \--9,ifI~9,f~M(IBVP){u(0't)=u~(t)-1~i---t:7),[u(x,0)=u000={=:0)f:LO .,wheref"(u)>0foralluunderconsideration,andu--u (1.1),andu~(t)~u~EL'(R ),U'(t)EL'(R ).(1.2)Undercondition(1.l)or(l.l)',thecorrespondingRiemannproblem{;;ot:<:>;i,>=x{,:3'f:,:(13)yieldstherarefaCtionwavesolution(u~)x5f'(u~)t,r"(X,t)=17j,)~1(…     

小议改进和加强高校教师思想政治工作

在新形势下改进和加强教师思想政治工作是一项重要而紧迫的任务，要通过完善制度安排来强化激励和约束机制及强化民主决策、敬业爱岗教育。要注意工作方法的科学性、层次性、针对性、具体性、时效性和创新性。     

SPB型泵自冷却分析

根据泵的结构原理，采用在泵体简化图上分块划分控制体积的方法，利用控制体积能量守恒定律，建立SPB泵各存油容腔内工作质温度的微分方程，并求解得出温度的时变规律，进而定量分析SPB泵的自冷却性能。